Heavy Rainfall from the Remnants of TS Allison

What an event!  A tropical storm forms rapidly in the Gulf, moves inland across S Texas, and defies "weather sense" by drifting across the Deep South, then NNE towards SE VA, then on to SE PA and then N to Coastal New England all the while dumping massive amounts of rainfall over a two-week period.  Instead of weakening and dissipating significantly as is characteristic after landfall by tropical storms, Allison certainly confounded us all with unfathomable record rains which translated into considerable flash flooding across the southern US and East.  Many of your monthly rainfall totals reflect the impact of Allison on our ACON region.  Here is a link to a summary of Allison's assault in the Wakefield forecast area: Heavy Rainfall from the Remnants of Allison June 15-16, 2001 (http://www.nws.noaa.gov/er/akq/june01flood.html)

JUNE 2001 Hydrological Report Narrative Summary
http://tgsv5.nws.noaa.gov/er/akq/HYM/JunPre2001.htm
(prepared by Patrick Maloit (NWS AKQ): 

June was wetter than normal across most of central...south central & eastern Virginia ...northeast North Carolina...and the lower Maryland Eastern Shore. This was due to the combined effects of the remnants of Tropical Storm Allison (mid-June)...coupled with cold fronts that moved across the Mid Atlantic states in the beginning & end of the month. June 2001 precipitation totals ranged from 1.52" at Wallops Island...to 10.91 "  at Lewiston in Bertie county. 

A cold front pushed across the region from the west on the 1st to the 2nd...spreading numerous showers and thunderstorms with it. This rainfall included several 24 hour maxima for the June...including 4.47" at Walkerton (King and Queen County) on the 1st...& 2.87" at Sandston (Henrico County) from the 1st to the 2nd.  Weak high pressure built in from the 2nd into the 3rd. Then a weak cold front passed through the region on the 3rd...stalling out across the Carolinas...on the 4th.

An area of low pressure moved along the front on the 4th...spreading heavy rain across eastern Virginia...including 1.05" at Stoney Creek (Sussex County) from the 4th to the 5th. The front then lifted north as a warm front on the 5th...and stalled out across the Eastern Shore by the 6th. The passage of the front brought about 24-hour rainfall maxima for June at a few locations...with 2.20" at the Elizabeth city Coast Guard Station on from the 5th to the 6th...and 0.62" at Princess Anne (Somerset County) on the 6th.

The front then moved south as a cold front from late on the 6th into the 7th... triggering another batch of heavy showers and thunderstorms across the region. The maximum 24 hour rainfall from the 6th to the 7th was 2.18" at Gordonsville (Louisa County) ...its maximum for the month. The front finally stalled out across North Carolina on the 8th...as high pressure began to build in from the midwest. This high dominated the weather in the Mid-Atlantic states from the 9th through the start of the 14th... as it slowly moved from the Mississippi Valley on the 9th...to off the Mid-Atlantic coast by the 14th.

The remnants of tropical storm allison began affecting the region late on the 14th ...when the low was near Wilmington North Carolina...and continued to produce heavy rain across the region through the morning of the 17th...when the low was off the southeast New Jersey coast. Some of the 24-hour monthly rainfall maxima caused 
by the remnants of Allison were: 4.07" at Lewiston (Bertie County) from the 14th to the 15th...0.86" at Bremo Bluff (Fluvanna County) on the 15th...2.83" at Alberta (Brunswick County) from the 15th to the 16th...2.45" at Pungo (Virginia Beach) on the 16th...4.43" at the Norfolk International Airport from the 16th to the 17th...and 2.00"  at Milford Haven (Mathews county) on the 17th.

High pressure built in from the midwest on the 17th...to the Appalachians on the 18th...to off the Mid-Atlantic coast on the 19th where it remained through the 21st. A cold front moved across the region from the 22nd to the 23rd...finally moving offshore the morning of the 24th. This slow moving front produced several 24-hour rainfall maxima for June....including 2.90" at Edenton (Chowan County) from the 22nd to the 23rd...1.74" in the Western Branch portion of Chesapeake on the 23rd...and 2.50" at north (Mathews county) from the 23rd to the 24th.

Behind the front...high pressure slowly moved from the Great Lakes on the 24th...to southwest Virginia by the 27th...then to western North carolina on the 29th. The high kept the region relatively dry through the period...except for scattered light showers near the coast and bay on the 28th and 29th. The high moved off the Carolina Coast on the 30th...allowing a trough of low pressure to develop east of the Appalachians. This trough produced scattered showers generally west of i-95 on the 30th.

 


ACON - VA/NC/SC
The Atlantic Coast Observer Network: 
Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina
http://www.pilot.infi.net/~bsmoot/acon.htm

SUMMARY OF CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA
JUNE  2001

ACON Member Eleanor Vallier-Talbot returns to MA
Eleanor [CHS] returns to NWS Taunton, MA [WFO for Boston] in August, the result of another career move.  She writes: "I hope I've been helpful to you with the ACON during my stay here in SC.  I hope that, soon, there will be a monthly climate summary issued by this office [CHS] again (there has been talk about it).  I'm sure that, if they do, it will appear on the website so you can get the data again.  Take care and keep in touch."  We will surely miss Eleanor's contributions as CHS does not publish an official monthly summary [only an F-6] and she took the time for many months to write helpful summaries for data input in these monthly updates.  Her assistance sure did make my data gathering easier!  Eleanor, best wishes for and God speed to you and your husband Dean!

NEW !!!  Experimental Graphical Digital Forecasts
Wakefield http://tgsv5.nws.noaa.gov/er/akq/digital.htm
Blacksburg http://www.nws.noaa.gov/er/rnk
Charleston, SC http://wchs.csc.noaa.gov/rdfgraphic.htm

For those of you who invest a good amount of time in forecast prep, here's a new forecast tool in the test phase.  Instead of trying to decipher those model output statistics charts and meteograms, take a look at these graphical versions showing up on the Internet from the NWS.  You may have to search the Web for a version on your local NWS WFO's site.  The link above takes you to the product generated at the Wakefield homepage.  [just click on the header above] 

NEW!!!  Lightning Detection Map from the Eastern Shore (VA) Weather Service http://weather3.intercom.net/lightning.htm

Delmarva Weather Net has near realtime updates of lightning strikes along the East Coast from South Carolina north to Central New Jersey.  Check it out by selecting the link in the header above.

NEW!!!  New Denotation in Notes Section 

Please note that a denotation similar to [ + + ] has been added at the end of the entries for the notes section for each state/station.  The first sign in the braces depicts whether or not the average temp was above or below.  The second sign represents the above or below normal departure for precipitation.  This should give a quick look at monthly departures.

Online US Drought Monitor: 
http://enso.unl.edu/monitor/monitor.html

Online Seasonal US Drought Outlook:
http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/expert_assessment/
seasonal_drought.html


For ACON VA/NC/SC Recent Weather News, Search CNN
http://www.cnn.com/WEATHER


ACON VA/NC/SC Member Station Extremes - June 2001
State
Maximum Temperature
Minimum
Temperature
Warmest
Average
Temperature
Coldest
Average
Temperature
Maximum
Precipitation
Minimum
Precipitation
Virginia
95°
Richmond (RIC), Weems,
Washington
48°
Dulles, New Market
76.7° 
Portsmouth
68.4°
Blacksburg
8.13"
Mechanicsville
1.51"
Roanoke (ROA)
North Carolina
96°
Lumberton, Wilmington
53° 
Brevard
78.9°
Wilmington
70.0° 
Brevard
7.50"
Lumberton
1.90"
Charlotte
South Carolina
94°
Columbia, Charleston,  Florence
58°
Greenville-Spartanburg
79.0°
Charleston
75.0°
Greenville-Spartanburg
8.83"
Charleston
3.48"
North Myrtle Beach

Virginia:

Annandale -  Lowell reports: "June was a good month for plant growth.  The mean temp was 1.7° above normal and the total rainfall was 1.75" above normal.  June was also the clearest June since 1996 although it was the 6th wettest in the last 21 years.  The mean temp for June was the highest since 1996 and the 1.49" rain on the 22nd was the most in a June day since 1998.  The highest wind was 29 mph on the 13th at around 7 PM.  The average temps range was 19.67°, a departure of -0.84°.  But the max daily temp range for the month was only 26° that tied the 21 year record of 26° in 1989 and 1982.  The number of days with max temps of 80° or more was 25.  That was the most since 1996 when the record of 29 occurred.  The max temp for the month was 94°.  That was the lowest recorded for June since 1996.  The mean barometric pressure for June was 30.07".  The average from June is 29.98" and the record average is 30.09 inches." [ + + ]

Arlington - NWS WBC reports: "Mean temps for DCA were 0.4° below normal while rainfall was 1.31" above normal.   Record daily rainfall on the 16th of 1.64 inches breaking the previous record of 1.34 inches set in 1932.  June was a transition into summer.  The first day gave us a cool rainy start with a high only in the middle 60s. But by the end of the month highs were in the lower to mid 90s with high humidities. In between were a series of typical June days. The first week was mainly in the 70s. After that...high temperatures were generally in the 80s. In the end...the month averaged out to be near normal for temperatures.  Our rainfall total of nearly five inches was above normal by more than an inch. A number of thunderstorm outbreaks aided this month in being the second wettest June of the past ten years. The greatest rainfall was during a thunderstorm on the 16th which left a record rainfall of over an inch and a half /1.64"/.  The average wind speed was 7.7 mph."  [- +]

Blacksburg - Temps were 1.2° above normal while precip was 0.32" below normal. - NWS Blacksburg [+ -]

Bridgewater - Clayton reports:  "The average monthly temperature was 2.1 degrees above normal. The rainfall was .65 inches below normal. The precipitation for the year is 3.19 inches below normal. There were 6 thunderstorms during the month. Three occurred on the 21st.   There were many chances for rain during the month. Several times, there were three or four days in a row with the chance of showers or thunderstorms. With all these chances, we got very little rainfall. The storms seem pass around us. It's getting pretty dry here now." [+ -]

Centreville - Paul writes via email: "Temperatures for the month of June were interesting in that the lowest temperature of 50° happened on the first and the highest of 94° on the 30th.  Seventy-one degrees is expected as an average for June and that temperature occurred six days after the start, and six days before the finish of the month.  Overall we were only 0.7° above what we'd normally expect for this time of year.  In the rain department, well that’s when averages really got a shot in the foot with 172% more than the average of 4.23” for a 7.27” final count.  A little over 52% of the monthly total occurred on June 22nd and 23rd when we received 3.80” in a 24-hour period.  After all the water that fell, the clouds were just about wrung out and were able to come up with only 0.04” for the remainder of the month.  Ha, bet you thought I forgot about the average daily minimum didn’t you.  Well, 2.2° above the 59.2° expected average low, and that 61° happened just a couple of days past midmonth; right about where it should be." [+ +]

Charlottesville - Rainfall for the month was 1.58" above normal. - NWS WBC [M +]

Dulles  - NWS WBC reports the mean temp was 1.5° in excess of the norm.  Rainfall was in excess of the normal by 0.85". [+ +]

Falls Church - "June 2001 was slightly cooler than normal but way above average in rainfall by almost 3 inches!!!!  I experienced very severe weather on the 22nd....Falls Church was under a flash flood warning until midnight and a flash flood watch until the wee hours of the 23rd. My rainfall total for these 2 days was: 2.23"....that's more rain than with some of the tropical storms I've experienced!" - notes from Erica [ - + ]

Hampton - "Temperatures normal, but precip well above normal.  Only station record was a daily rainfall record of 2.00" on the 16th."  - notes from Dave   [ (+/-) +]

Harrisonburg - "Rainfall for the month was 0.03" above normal.  Year-to-date rain was 3.62" below normal." - notes from Terry   [+ -]

Herndon - "June rainfall was 1.42 inches above normal. We had thunderstorms on the 13th, 15th, 22nd (severe) and 30th. Dense fog formed on the 1st, 2nd and 15th. Temperatures averaged .4 ° above normal, with no records set. The peak wind gust of 28 was registered in a thunderstorm on the 22nd. " - notes from Russ [+ +]

Louisa - "Looks like we got a lot of rain in June, but it still didn't make-up our deficit.  We are still 1.51" below normal for the year." - report from Joe Bowers [M +]

Lynchburg - The mean temp was 0.3° above normal while precip was 1.06" above the norm. - NWS Blacksburg [+ +]

New Market - Joyce notes: "Early morning off the 22nd we had an upper level wind of some kind that took our roof off the big barn and also a large and very old walnut tree in the back yard.  It rolled the aluminum roof into a big ball and placed it in the hay field about 100 to 150 feet away from the barn.  Crazy weather."

Norfolk - Jim reports that 60% (4.09") of the monthly rainfall (6.86") was the result from TS Allison.

Norfolk - From  NWS AKQ:  The monthly precip was 3.09" above normal while the monthly mean temp was 1.7° above normal.  The average wind speed was 7.9 mph.  This June was the 12th wettest on record and the second June in a row with more than a half foot of rain.  It was the 2nd rainiest June in 22 years.   [+ +]

Portsmouth - The mean temperature here was 1.2° above normal while precip was 145% of the norm (or +1.62").  The average wind speed was 2.8 mph from a dominant southerly direction.  Records: On the first, a new daily station precip record was set with 0.54" surpassing the previous record of 0.48" in 1987.  On the 13th, the max minimum daily temp record was tied with 74° (also 1987).  On the 14th, a new max min temp was established with 76° surpassing the previous record of 75° set in 1981.  Finally, on the 16th, a new daily precip record of 2.18" was set surpassing the previous record of 0.55" in 1999.  This daily rainfall was a part of the 2.46" to fall here as a result of the passage of the remnants of Tropical Storm Allison just a few miles to our west.  The month's rainfall made June the 6th wettest in the station database going back to 1976.  Rainfall for the year-to-date is running 4.17" below normal or 82% of the norm. [ + + ]

Richmond - From NWS AKQ:  Richmond's rainfall was 2.91" above normal.  Temps averaged 1.0° in excess of the norm.  The average wind speed was 6.6 MPH.  Rainfall was the 7th greatest on record and the third consecutive June with more than 6" of rain.  That's the first time that has happened in the 131 years of weather record keeping here.  It was the rainiest June in the VA capital since 1972 when 8.82" were recorded.  [+ +]

Mechanicsville -  Glen reports: "This was a wet month due primarily to Allison.  4.05" came from Allison.  Also had some strong t-storms during the month with downpours.  All total, the monthly rainfall was 8.13" [ M +]

Roanoke -  "Temperature averages were 1.5° above normal.  Rainfall was below normal (-1.68") - notes NWS Blacksburg [+ -]

Roanoke - Warmer and drier than normal by 1.2° with precip 1.58" below normal. - notes from Wendell. [ + - ]

Woodstock -  "Temperatures were near normal for June with precipitation a little above average.  Regular rains have kept the valley green." - notes via email from Lauck [(+/-) +]

North Carolina:

Asheville - From NWS GSP: The monthly mean temp was 1.1° above normal while rainfall  was 1.32" below normal.  The average wind speed was 4.7 mph. [+ -]

Brevard -  Bob sends these notes via email: "June tended slightly toward the cool side, both the mean high, 81.2 deg. F, and low,   58.8 deg. F, were eight tenths of a degree lower than the ten year averages, 82.0 & 59.6  respectively, for the month. It is interesting to note, however, that both the 30 day heating and cooling degree days, 4 & 153 respectively, were less than the ten year averages, 17 & 191 DD  respectively, for June. The 2.37" of rain was over two inches less than the ten year average  June resulting in a 14 inch cumulative deficit. Cloud cover averaged 63% for the month."  [ -  - ]

Charlotte - NWS GSP reports the mean temp here was 0.1° below normal while precip was 1.49" below normal.
Yearly rainfall totals at the end of April were 6.40" below normal.   The average wind speed was 5.1 mph. [- -]

Concord - Tom reports: "June finally broke the month after month string of drier than normal months with a total rainfall of 6.44" or 2.24" above normal.  Quite a welcome sight for an area in midst of an extreme drought.  A cut-off low pressure which moved very slowly westward from the NC Coast provided the above average rainfall with rainfall recorded on 10 different days.  Temps averaged just about normal (-0.03°) during the month with only 1 day maxing out at 90°." [(+/-) +]

Greensboro - Temperatures at the Piedmont Triad International Airport average 2.2° above normal while precip was 0.72" below the norm. - From NWS RDU [+ -]

Lumberton - The average wind speed was 5.5 MPH.  - from NWS ILM

Raleigh (RAL) - Bob reports: "Both rainfall and daily temps were above the normal means for June.  June was a fairly active severe weather month with 2 severe thunderstorm watches and 1 flash flood watch issued for this area.  No severe weather observed at this location.  Precipitation for the year was 1.29" below the normal."  [+ +]

Raleigh (RDU) - The monthly mean temperature was 2.6° above normal and the total precip was 0.86" above normal.  A record maximum temperature of 93° was tied on the 5th and a record high minimum temperature of only 71° was set on the 5th.  - from NWS RDU [+ +]

Roxboro - Merriell notes:  "June was warmer and wetter than normal.  Beneficial rain fell during the first three weeks.  Summer arrived with the usual unwelcome heat and humidity." [+ +]

Wilmington - ...A warmer and drier than normal June for the Port City... The average temperature for the month of June was 2.4° above normal.  Rainfall was 1.83" below normal.  The normal amount of sunshine (74%) occurred during the month.  A peak wind gust for June of 71 mph from the west occurred on the 7th as a severe thunderstorm moved over the airport.  The average wind speed was 9.1 mph- excerpts from the NWS ILM monthly climatological report
[+ - ]

South Carolina:

Columbia - NWS CAE reports the average relative humidity was 73% while the average temperature was 1.3° above normal.  Rainfall was 1.05" below normal.  For the year rainfall is running 7.13" below the normal. - NWS CAE[+ -]

Charleston - From NWS CHS: The monthly mean temp was 0.7° above normal while precip was 2.4" above the norm. [+ +]

Florence - NWS ILM reports the mean temp here was  0.6o above normal while rainfall was 1.38" above normal.  The average wind speed was 6.3 mph.  Records: Daily precipitation on the 16th (3.67") surpassing the old record of 3.30" in 1979. [+ +]

Greenville-Spartanburg- The monthly temps averaged normal while total rainfall was 1.00" below normal.   Yearly precip was running 7.93" below normal.   The average wind speed was 5.6 mph.  - NWS GSP [(+/-)  -]

North Myrtle Beach - From NWS ILM:  Rainfall was 1.82" below normal.  Temps averaged 0.5° above normal.  The average wind speed was 7.42 MPH.   Records: Tied high temp on the 7th (89°); record low temps set on the 18th (61°) beating 63° in 1992.  [+ -]

Orangeburg - The average relative humidity was 76%.  (from NWS CAE)

Nearby Cities:
Tri-cities/Bristol area noted temps averaging 0.3° below norm with total rainfall above normal (0.87").  For the year, rainfall is 0.13" below normal  - from NWS Morristown, TN [- +]

(Please note the column denotations table below.)
TEMPERATURES / WIND / ELEMENTS

VIRGINIA

STN  A      B    C    D      E F     G    H I  J K L  M     N  O P Q R R1 S
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANN 84.83 65.17 75.00 94 29,30 53    1   9  0  0 0 29 ENE  13  6 0 0 0  2 2400
BCB             68.4  87    20 49 10,18            31 W     3             2400
BRI 84    60    72    93    30 51  4,10  5  0  0 0             4 0 0 0  3 0530/1600 
CEN 81.9  61.4  71.7  94    30 50  1,4   5  0  0 0 20 351° 16  6 0 0 0  0 1200/2400 
CHO 82.5  60.6  71.5  91 20,30 52    4   4  0  0 0 33 220° 21 14 0 0 0  4 2400 
                                                   33 180° 22
DCA 83.5  66.8  75.3  92 28,29 54    1   0  0  0 0 36 190° 30  7 0 0 0  0 2400 
                            30
IAD 83.0  61.9  72.5  93    28 48    1   6  0  0 0 31 230° 13             2400 
FCH 83.2  66.3  74.8  92 29,30 54    1   4  0  0 0             4 0 0 0  0 2400 
HAM 83.8  67.6  75.7  93 28,29 60  3,4   4  0  0 0 47 SE   22  6 0 0 0  0 2400 
                           30 
HRG 78.9  57.9  68.6  85.7  30 48.8 10   0  0  0 0 18 S    21  6 0 0 0  2 2400
HER 81.9  63.0  72.4  89.8  29 52.0  4   0  0  0 0 16      22  6 0 0 0 NR 2400 
                            30
HRN 81.7  62.5  72.1  91.1  29 52.3  4   3  0  0 0 28 E    13  4 0 0 0  3 2400 
LKU 82.27 58.23 70.25 91    29 49    3   0  0  0 0 23 NW    6  0 0 0 0  0 2400
LOU                                                                       0800 
LYH             71.8  90    29 53 3,10             36 NE   14             2400 
NEW 83.47 58.73 71.10 92 20,29 48    4   4  0  0 0 44 SW   22  8 0 0 0 13 1700 
NPN 84.3  66.2  75.3  94    28 55    1   5  0  0 0 28 NE   14  7 0 0 0  2 2300 
NOR 84.2  67.4  75.8  93    30 55    1   4  0  0 0             6 0 0 0  0 2400 
ORF 82.8  68.8  75.8  93    30 58    1   3  0  0 0 31 260°  5  7 0 0 0  1 2400 
POR 84.9  68.6  76.7  94 29,30 59    1   4  0  0 0 27 W     3  7 0 0 0  0 2400 
MEC 85    66    75.5  93 29,30 56  1,4   4  0  0 0             5 0 0 0  0 1800 
                         11,12
RIC 84.8  65.1  74.9  95    30 56  1,3   6  0  0 0 36 180° 25  5 0 0 0  2 2400  
RMD 85.7  67.5  76.6  94    30 59    1   8  0  0 0             6 0 0 0  0 2300 
ROA             73.3  92    30 54    3             37 W    20             2400 
ROK 83.8  62.1  73.0  92    30 54 3,10   3  0  0 0 19 NW   16  5 0 0 0  0 2200 
AKQ 85.7  63.9  74.8  94    30 54    1   4                                2400  
WEE 84.6  64.0  74.3  95    30 54    1   8  0  0 0 30+N    17  4 0 0 0  0 1600 
WOO 78.8  62.0  70.4  90    21 50   1,4  1  0  0 0            10 0 0 0 11 0800 
WSH 83.5  61.4  72.53 95.1  20 50.7  4   7  0  0 0 12 SW   13  4 1 0 0  0 2400
                                                   12 ENE  21
NORTH CAROLINA
 
STN  A      B    C    D      E F    G     H I  J K L  M     N  O P Q R R1 S
------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
AVL 80.8  60.1  70.5  87    14 55   18   0  0  0 0 35 360° 16             2400 
BRE 81.2  58.8  70.0  89    14 53 2,3,17 0  0  0 0 23       3  3 0 0 0  7 1600 
                                   18,21
CLT 86.1  65.1  75.6  91 14,17 61   2,3  6  0  0 0 25 210°                2400 
                            21
CND 85.3  65.2  75.1  90.7   6 58.9  3   1  0  0 0 17 W    26  9 1 0 0  7 2400 
GSO 84.9  65.7  75.3  90  5,17 57    3                           1        2400
                         21,29
LBT 87.3  68.5  77.9  96   5,6 64 3,10   9  0  0 0 33 190° 22  9 0 0 0  6 2400 
RAL 86.5  65.0  75.8  93    29 56   10   5  0  0 0 22      22  8 0 0 0  0 2400 
RDU 86.9  66.9  76.9  93  5,29 60 4,10     
ROX 84.7  65.4  75.1  92    28 58    3   4  0  0 0 28 SE    6  8 0 0 0  1 2100 
ILM 87.2  70.7  78.9  96     5 63   18  10  0  0 0 71 280°  7  7 1 0 0  4 2400
SOUTH CAROLINA
STN  A      B    C    D      E F    G    H  I  J K L  M     N  O P Q R R1 S
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CAE 88.4  68.9  78.7  94     5 64   18                                    2400 
CHS 88.1  69.8  79.0  94   5,7 62   18   9  0  0 0 32 330° 13 16 0 0 0  2 2400 
                            16
CRE 84.2  69.6  76.9  89   3,7 61   18   0  0  0 0 25 260° 13  0 0 0 0  2 2400 
                                                   25 230° 13
FLO 86.3  67.5  76.9  94     5 62 18,24  7  0  0 0 35 140° 16  4 0 0 0  5 2400 
GSP 84.5  65.4  75.0  91 13,14 58    3   4  0  0 0 37 360°  8             2400 
OGB 87.3  68.0  77.7  83     5 61    3                                    2400
NEARBY LOCATIONS
STN  A      B    C    D      E F    G    H  I  J K L  M     N  O P Q R R1 S
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRI 82.5  59.1  70.8  90 19,21 52   18   2  0  0 0                        2400 
                            17
CHW 69.3  54.5  61.9  77.8  19 42.2  3   0  0  0 0                        2400
(Please note the column denotations table below.)
PRECIPITATION / BAROMETRIC PRESSURE

VIRGINIA

 
STN  T     U       V      V1   W X   Y      Z  1  2 3    4    5      6       7        S 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
ANN  5.12  1.49 22 1.60 22-23 12 1 21.24  0.0          0.0 12.8  30.42  26 29.68 2,3 2400 
                                                                        27
BCB  3.03                                                                            2400
BRI  2.76  1.15  4 1.20   3-4  9 1 15.05  0.0          0.0  8.6  30.35     29.69     0530/1600 
CEN  7.27  3.74 22 3.80 22-23 13 1 21.90  0.0          0.0 14.2  30.40  26 29.64   2 2400 
                                                                        27
CHO  5.32  1.44 21 1.74 21-22 15 1        0.0          0.0                           2400 
DCA  4.69  1.64 16            11 2 19.04  0.0          0.0  7.4                      2400 
IAD  4.77  2.06 22 2.06    22 11 1 20.76  0.0          0.0  9.8                      2400 
FCH  6.29  2.10 22 2.23 22-23 10 2 19.80  0.0          0.0 10.0                      2400  
HAM  7.50  2.00 16 2.45 15-16  8 3        0.0          0.0  1.5                      2400  
                26
HRG  2.79  0.81  5 1.41   4-5 14 0 13.05  0.0          0.0 10.4  30.43  27 29.69   2 2400
HER  5.20  2.40 22 2.40    22 11 1 22.16  0.0          0.0 15.4  30.40  26 29.49 2,3 2400 
HRN  5.34  2.31 22 2.38 22-23 12 1 22.21  0.0          0.0 13.0  30.373 26 29.657  3 2400 
LKU  4.91  1.08  5 1.08     5 12 2 18.85  0.0          0.0  3.0  30.80     29.63     2400
LOU                                16.20                                             0800 
LYH  4.51                                                                            2400
NEW  5.45  1.20  5            11 2 18.12  0.0          0.0 12.3                      1700 
NPN  6.74  2.37 16 2.39 16-17 11 3 20.06  0.0          0.0  2.6  30.37  27 29.56 2,3 2300 
NOR  6.86  3.86 16            12 1 21.32  0.0          0.0  1.3                      2400 
ORF  6.91  4.39 16            11 1 19.62  0.0          0.0  1.6  30.37  27 29.66   2 2400 
POR  5.26  2.18 16 2.18    16 11 2 18.47  0.0          0.0  1.6  30.317 26 29.639  3 2400 
MEC  8.13  3.46 16 4.04 15-16  8 3 22.90  0.0          0.0  5.4  29.81  26 29.25   2 1800 
RIC  6.53  2.35 31            10 2 19.08  0.0          0.0  3.3  30.40  27 29.66   2 2400 
RMD  7.89  4.41  1             7 3 21.67  0.0          0.0  3.0                      2300 
ROA  1.51                                                                            2400
ROK  2.56  1.02 22 1.35 21-22 10 1 19.46  0.0          0.0  7.4  30.30  19 29.70 2,3 2400 
AKQ  3.96  0.96  5            11   17.29  0.0          0.0  8.0                   13 2400 
WEE  4.23  1.68 17 1.68    17 10 1        0.0          0.0       30.34  26 29.70   3 1600 
WOO  4.45          1.84 22-23 14 1 17.37  0.0          0.0 17.8  30.72  27 30.08   2 0800 
WSH  5.09  1.30 20 1.30    20 14 1 18.77  0.0          0.0  9.5  30.46  27 29.72   2 2400
NORTH CAROLINA
 
STN  T     U       V      V1   W X   Y     Z   1  2 3  4     5       6       7        S 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
AVL  2.91  0.67 22            11 0 17.06  0.0          0.0 15.5  30.41  27 29.71   2 2400 
BRE  2.37  0.92  1            10 0 21.90  0.0          0.0  8.5  30.47  21 29.86   1 1600 
                                                                        27                   
CLT  1.90  0.66  1             8 0 15.47  0.0          0.0  2.7  30.38  27 29.71   2 2400 
CND  6.44  1.87 22 1.87 22-23 10 3 19.47  0.0          0.0  4.0  30.40  27 29.76   3 2400 
GSO  3.09  0.87 6,7                                                                  2400
LBT  7.50  2.68  9 2.68   8-9 12 3 19.72  0.0          0.0  0.0  30.38  27 29.73  13 2400 
RAL  4.18          1.66 13-14 12 2 19.13  0.0          0.0  3.0  30.36  27 29.70   2 1900 
RDU  4.54  1.65  1            
ROX  4.47  1.58  1 1.58     1 10 1 21.38  0.0          0.0  0.5  30.45  27 29.74   2 2100 
                                                                                  23
ILM  4.15  1.23 14 1.50 13-14 10 1 19.35  0.0          0.0  0.2  30.37  27 29.73   3 2400
SOUTH CAROLINA
STN  T     U       V      V1   W X   Y     Z   1  2 3  4     5       6       7        S 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
CAE  3.75                          17.99  0.0          0.0    T                      2400 
CHS  8.83  2.01 21 2.78 21-22 19 3 20.81  0.0          0.0    T  30.37  27 29.77   2 2400 
CRE  3.48  0.66  1 0.67 13-14 14 0 17.67  0.0          0.0  0.0  30.38  27 29.74  13 2400 
FLO  5.79  3.67 16 3.76 15-16 13 2 15.65  0.0          0.0  0.0  30.38  27 29.74  13 2400 
GSP  3.77  1.60  1             7 1 19.02  0.0          0.0  6.3  30.36  27 29.71   2 2400 
OGB  5.55                          19.46  0.0          0.0                           2400
NEARBY LOCATIONS
 
STN  T     U       V      V1   W X   Y     Z   1  2 3  4     5       6       7        S 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRI  4.41  1.27 22            11 1 21.11                                             2400
COLUMN DENOTATIONS:
A  maximum mean temperature T total precipitation (inches)
B  minimum mean temperature U maximum calendar day precipitation (inches)
C  monthly mean temperature U1 date of maximum calendar day precipitation
D  maximum temperature V date(s) of maximum daily precipitation
E  date(s) of maximum temperature V1 maximum 24-hour precip. & date(s)
F  minimum temperature W number of days with precip. >= .01"
G  date(s) of minimum temperature  X number of days with precip. >= 1.0"
H  days with maximum temperature >=90 Y year-to-date precipitation (inches)
I  days with maximum temperature <=32 Z maximum calendar day snowfall (inches)
J  days with minimum temperature <=32 1 date of maximum calendar day snowfall (inches)
K  days with minimum temperature <= 0  2 number of days with snowfall
L  peak wind gust (miles per hour)  3 number of days with snowfall >= 1.0"
M  direction of peak wind gust 4  total snowfall for month (inches)
N  date(s) of peak wind gust  5 total snowfall for 2000-2001 season (inches)
O  number of days with thunder  6 maximum barometric pressure (inches)
P  number of days with hail 6A date of maximum barometric pressure 
Q  number of days with glaze 7 minimum barometric pressure (inches)
R  number of days with ice pellets 7A date of minimum barometric pressure
R1 number of days with dense fog (i) incomplete data
S  local observation time for temps/precipitation (M) Missing, if listed in data table
 ~ "about" E estimated
 +  additional indeterminate number of days NR not recorded

STATION  /  LOCATION (MILES & DIRECTION FROM MAIN POST OFFICE) /
OBSERVER  / YEAR RECORDS BEGAN /  EMAIL ADDRESS:

ANN    Annandale, VA 1 3/4 ENE - Lowell Koontz  12/90  wwkoontz@bellatlantic.net ROK   Roanoke, VA 6SW Wendell Prillaman  4/76
DCA    Arlington, VA NWS Webmaster (Sterling):  james.decarufel@noaa.gov VNA    Vienna, VA Robert Boott, 1.5SW Robert.Boott@tma.osd.mil
BCB    Blacksburg, VA NWS Webmaster:  William.Perry@noaa.gov AKQ    Wakefield, VA NWS Webmaster:  Neil.Stuart@noaa.gov
BRI     Bridgewater, VA Clayton Towers Ctowers@rica.net WSH   Washington, VA  David Yowell runamok@runamok.com
CEN   Centreville, VA Paul Bassett 1985 pbassett@sitestar.net WEE   Weems, VA 3WNW Francis J. Socey
CHO   Charlottesville, VA  Airport ASOS  (Rappahannock County) WOO  Woodstock, VA 5NW Lauck Walton - 12/1/85 jwalton@shentel.net
IAD     Dulles International Airport  Webmaster (Sterling): james.decarufel@noaa.gov AVL    Asheville, NC NWS NWS GSP:  bryan.mcavoy@noaa.gov
FCH    Falls Church, VA Erica Page - 3/7/94 Windie1970@aol.com BRE    Brevard, NC 1SE Bob Keehn 1/1/90 Bob_Keehn@citcom.net
FRB    Fredericksburg, VA 7SW Ken McKneely mckneelys@email.msn.com CLT    Charlotte, NC NWS NWS GSP:  bryan.mcavoy@noaa.gov
HAM    Hampton, VA 5NE Dave Kessel 1989 dckessel@home.com CND  Concord, NC 3 W, Highway 73, 2 miles E of I85.  stormwatch@vnet.net
HRG    Harrisonburg, VA  Terry Slagle 5/2000 Altitude: 1306'  tslagle@adelphia.net GSO   Greensboro, NC NWS Webmaster (Raleigh/RAH): Richard.Jones@noaa.gov
HER    Herndon, VA R.M. Beall P- 10/76   T-  1/91 beall47@earthlink.net RAL    Raleigh, NC 7NNW  Bob Woodson 6/1/93 kf4mmm@qsl.net
HRN   Herndon, VA 4SW Russ Topping -  1985 weatherman@cox.rr.com RDU   Raleigh-Durham, NC NWS Webmaster:  Richard.Jones@noaa.gov
LKU     Louisa, VA 1N Joseph Bowers 1944 - NWS ID  44-5050-02 jmbiii@earthlink.net LBT    Lumberton, NC FAA Lumberton 34o 37'N 79o  04'W
LOU     Louisa, VA 6S John Bullock (about 1970) ROX    Roxboro, NC 2SE Merriell A. Jay 1/93
LYH     Lynchburg, VA NWS Webmaster (Blacksburg):  William.Perry@noaa.gov ILM     Wilmington, NC NWS  nwsilm@wilmington.net
NEW    Newmarket, VA 2W Joyce Winfree joywood@shentel.net CHS   Charleston, SC NWS, courtesy of Eleanor Vallier-Talbot
Eleanor.Vallier-Talbot@noaa.gov
Webmaster Contents CHS: Theodore.Rodgers@noaa.gov
NPN     Newport News, VA 7N Gary Leonard -  6/91 GaryMLeonard@aol.com CAE    Columbia, SC NWS caewx@noaa.gov
NOR     Norfolk, VA 3NE Jim Fentress 6/1/77 OGB   Orangeburg, SC NWS caewx@noaa.gov
ORF     Norfolk, VA 5NE NWS 1871 Webmaster (Wakefield): Hugh.Cobb@noaa.gov GSP   Greenville-Spartanburg, SC NWS bryan.mcavoy@noaa.gov
POR     Portsmouth, VA 3S Bill Trotter -  7/1/76  pwrs@pilot.infi.net RUB    Ruby, SC 3 NW Franklin Hancock
MEC     Mechanicsville, VA Glen Martin 11/19/91 FLO    Florence, SC nwsilm@wilmington.net
RMD    Richmond, VA Roy Britt 8/22/83  roybritt@earthlink.net CRE    North Myrtle Beach, SC  nwsilm@wilmington.net
RIC     Richmond, VA NWS TRI     Tri-cities/Bristol, TN  NWS Webmaster (Morristown):W-Mrx.Webmaster@noaa.gov
ROA    Roanoke, VA  Webmaster (Blacksburg):  William.Perry@noaa.gov CHW  Canaan Heights, WV Dave Lesher  wxdave@boo.net